Personal Narrative - My Dad, Formally Known as Superhero :: Personal Narrative Writing

My Dad, Formally Known as Superhero At the point when I was twelve, I began fasting on Yom Kippur. That was the year I had my Bat Mitzvah and the year I turned into a Jewish lady. In the couple of years before I turned twelve, I ate sparingly on that holiest day - no low quality nourishment, no morning meal. What's more, in the years prior to that, I ate anything I desired. My mother as well. She's not Jewish - she coincidentally married my Jewish father. My father consistently fasted. He'd go to Temple in the first part of the day, and we'd go with him - me, my sister, and my mother. My sister was an infant, and I sat on the floor and shaded my shading books on the metal seat I should be sitting in, which satisfied my folks since I didn't make commotion. At one or thereabouts, we'd leave Temple and commute home. The vehicle windows would be moved up close, securing in the beams of the early evening sun, and I would relax, free and alive, spruced up and absorbing the daylight. The daylight truly appears to be unique in the day. At the point when we returned home, my mother would make me a tidbit, and I'd go off and play or something. I don't generally recollect. My father would snooze, or read. I do recall that. He was unpleasant on Yom Kippur. A couple of years after the fact, I figure I probably been around nine. We returned home from Temple, and the kitchen was lit by that hot and yellow noontime daylight. Our striped window ornaments hung anxiously. My father set down on the front room love seat and got his book, and my mother flipped through certain papers on the kitchen table. Or on the other hand perhaps she was first floor. It doesn't make a difference. I opened the cooler and pulled out the natural product cabinet at the base. There were four granny smiths lying in pause. I picked the best one and flushed it in the sink. It was the greatest, the roundest, the firmest. The grassiest green. It vowed to be the juiciest. I snatched the towel from the broiler entryway and dried it. I slid on my socks over the kitchen floor and into the lounge room and bit down, hard. It was a colossal nibble. An enormous cruncher! That chomp resounded around the entire house - into the rooms and into the restrooms; it assaulted my father on the sofa, and most likely even soared the neighbors.

Look under my guidelines file Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Look under my rules document - Essay Example Here are five incredible advertisers’ catching stunts that will astonish you. In the first place, have you at any point asked why publicists place the items and articles being advanced on the correct hand of the advancing specialists? I wager you have never understood this reality. What this accomplish is the ability to relate to. Dominant part of individuals on the planet, as so is in each irregular populace, are correct given. Having the article being advanced, state another beverage, held in the right-hand makes the commercial simple to relate to for an enormous segment of the populace. It causes the crowd to feel that they can likewise easily do likewise. This is rather than having them envision a beverage in their non-overwhelming hand. Attempt to envision a mainstream drink notice with the item in your left hand. It feels clumsy, doesn’t it? Purchasing is about choice. Regardless of whether arranged or imprudent, choices emerge from a fascination of the brain. One extraordinary stunt that inspire choice is feelings. Promoters draw out the passionate fascination in commercials using shading. Various hues call for various feelings. At the point when it is red, fervor and satisfaction is normal. At the point when blue, peacefulness and some degree of earnestness is normal. So also, when it is green, solid and newness are the audience’s desires. Think about a promotion for new vegetables done in earthy colored. It appears to be off-base from the beginning. Sponsors recognize what you see to be correct and anticipated. They will utilize this to further their potential benefit and you will end up purchasing the item. Sponsors are additionally known to make straightforward dangers that are somewhat blameless essentially. For example, an essential item might be marked ‘must have’. To make the danger viewpoint, a restricted proposal of discounted cost is forced. A name like â€Å"For Today Only† will be inserted to guarantee moment buy by every one of the individuals who see the commercial. Be that as it may, have you at any point returned to a store that had a â€Å"For Today Only†

Authenticity Berlin Essay Example

Validness Berlin Essay Example Validness Berlin Essay Validness Berlin Essay This report has been composed as consequences of research previously and during the fieldtrip in Berlin. It will concentrate on the topic of this case, specifically genuineness, commodification and their relationship with the travel industry. The point of this report is to discover a response to the difficult articulation: In what sense can the travel industry result of Berlin be considered as true? Hence five research questions were given and will be managed in this report. The primary research question is What are the meanings of legitimacy and commodification, and what is their connection to the travel industry? The subsequent research question What is viewed as the travel industry result of Brussels? will give a short review of the principle traveler hotspots in Berlin. In addition the inquiry In what way is realness utilized in ads and promoting? also, What are instances of co altered culture in Berlin? will be replied. The last research questions Do sightseers experience the real Berlin will concentrate on the consequences of meetings which have been directed during the fieldtrip in Berlin. At last, the response to the difficult will be given in the in the determination just as a short outline of the primary concerns regarding the exploration questions. Genuineness and commodification in relationship with the travel industry Inside the travel industry the term legitimacy is frequently clarified by the genuine and customary. Be that as it may, there are such huge numbers of meanings of the term realness. Like the word reference expressed genuineness is known to be genuine and real (Soanes, Hawker and Elliot, 2006). Numerous others demonstrated that the importance of the term is close to home, so every individual has its own conclusion about it. This implies the travel industry items can be bona fide for one individual, however is inauthentic for another person. Research has been closed to stamp the distinction among bona fide and inauthentic. Dann expressed that legitimate can be identified with something previously, herby one can think about a period, culture and conventions. Genuineness assumes a significant job in the travel industry concentrates as indicated by Hughes. (Dann, 2002). Gilmore Pine II (2007) proposed that credibility comes contrasted and the executives devices too so as to support organizations, and obviously additionally organizations inside the travel industry, for instance render validness by actualizing explicit methodologies (Gilmore Pine II, 2007). Moreover, there is arranged validness, which implies that the parts of a specific culture which are known by the traveler are still performed by the nearby network. In any case, in certainty it is just a show for the vacationers and in the every day life of local people it isn't utilized any longer. For example Venice you see wherever gondolas, however just loaded up with visitor. Genuineness comprises out of 3 unique sorts, in particular goal, productive and existential realness. As indicated by Dann target validness implies when a visited object is real the experience is genuine too; a noteworthy occasion is bona fide when it is sorted out in its unique setting and timespan. Useful legitimacy relies upon the way that the sightseers must consider the to be as bona fide, which incorporates that the genuineness relies upon the individual who presents the article rather than the item itself. The last kind of genuineness is close to home, where the collaboration between vacationers assumes a significant job. There are two differentiations the de re-experience, which is brought about by one experience like visiting the Louver and encountering the genuine Mona Lisa, while de other sort has to do with the character of an encounter, than the Mona Lisa in Las Vegas can be real also (Dann, 2002). The change of products and ventures (or things that may not ordinarily viewed as merchandise or administrations) into an item. (Kadijk, 2009). This is a meaning of the term commodification Kadijk additionally include that commodification isn't just about acceptable and administrations, yet it has likewise to do with customs, services, people expressions and so on. Commodification can be ordered into three sorts of qualities; which are use esteem dependent on the helpfulness of an item; the worth and unique reason for the network. Furthermore, the trade esteem which is identified with the measure of visitor who might want to pay for it. Besides, there is the sign worth which incorporates the individual impression of the visitor (Kadijk, 2009). Commodification can be identified with the term validness and is frequently observed as negative. Since it causes degrading encountering the genuine culture it incorporated the loss of natural estimation of a culture. All things considered, is has additionally preferences for neighborhood networks, the enthusiasm of visitor in the way of life will develop and the presence of conventional specialties is influenced by this wonder. The travel industry brings about commodification of social viewpoints; which are delivered and performed uniquely for the vacationers. (Halewood, 2001). To finish up the two terms can be identified with the travel industry. Realness portrays the customary culture, as organized validness demonstrates the old conventions to the visitors. Commodification implies the change of good, benefits just as customs and so on inside a ware. It has regularly inconveniences, similar to the cheapening of the genuine culture. The travel industry result of Berlin Subsequent to visiting Berlin and its attractions, it tends to be presumed that there is incredible assortment of problem areas in the city. In any case, this paper centers around five of them, and each will be clarified. These problem areas are as per the following: Reichstag, Brandenburg Tor, Checkpoint Charlie, Alexanderplatz and the Olympia arena. In the first place, one of the most celebrated problem areas in Berlin is Reichstag. It was work somewhere in the range of 1884 and 1894, and it was the primary German Parliament. Later on, in 1933 the structure was nearly pulverized in a fire and it was remodeled in the late sixties. From the late sixties the structure is utilized for various purposes and by various associations. Since 1999 the structure is again the seat of the German Parliament. The outside of the design of Reichstag varies from the inside. The outside engineering is Renaissance, while the inside has present day plan. A fascinating piece of the structure is the glass and take arch. The following problem area is the Brandenburg Tor which was image of the division of Berlin. It was worked in 1791 via Carl Gotthard Langhans. The Brandenburg Gate used to be the primary access to the city, yet today it is just the entryway that is still there. The entryway is arranged in the focal point of Berlin, and it is near numerous attractions of the city. The design of the entryway is elegance and it is affected by the Acropolis in Athens. The door comprises of six segments, which structures five passages, and it was utilized distinctly by renowned individuals. Different doors, on the two sides of the fundamental five passageways were utilized by the customary individuals. The following surprising fascination of Berlin is Checkpoint Charlie, arranged at the noteworthy Mitte region, which is image of the partition of the Berlin. Additionally, it was where individuals crossed the limit between the West and East piece of the city. Checkpoint Charlie is the main spot in Berlin which is as yet legitimate. The proof for the legitimacy of the spot despite everything exists and it is the sign You are leaving the American segment. The sign is written in four dialects, in particular German, English, Russian and French. The Checkpoint Charlie is anything but difficult to get to, and numerous different attractions can be visited in the encompassing. The accompanying problem area of Berlin is the Alexanderplatz. It is arranged at the authentic focus of Berlin. The site was named on the Russian ruler Alexander I, who visited Berlin in 1805. Notwithstanding, numerous structures at the square were obliterated in the Second World War Later on, in the nineteenth century it became present day mall. In the environmental factors of the Alexanderplatz is the TV tower, which is probably the tallest structure in Europe. The last problem area, which will be depicted in this paper, is the Olympia arena. It is arranged a long way from the inside, yet it is as yet favored goal for the voyagers and particularly for the soccer fans. The Olympia arena is place for sport exercises and occasions and it has 74,500 seats. The arena was opened in 1936 and reproduced in 1974. The Olympia arena was have for the Summer Olympics in 1936 and FIFA World Cup in 2006, where the groups of France and Italy played the finals. The arena offers guided visits in which the guests have the chance to see the VIP lounges and the changing rooms of the soccer players. Genuineness in ads and advertising These days, publicizing to draw in more travelers is less centered around the item data, yet increasingly about the encounters of visitor and for the most part the credible encounters. This can be found in the pamphlets which portray Berlin. To advance a specific vacationer goals, consistently the hotspots are utilized in ads and advertising. To advance Berlin as a universal the travel industry goal the Branderburger door is for the most part utilized in commercials. It would already be able to be found in the logo of the Berlin Tourismus Marketing Organization which is liable for the overall advancement of Berlin as a universal visitor goal. Or then again the Berlin divider is a genuine model, in light of the fact that practically all the traveler know something about the history and which job the Berlin played in the Second World War To feature the twentieth commemoration of the fall of the Berlin Wall, a TV spot is made to advance Berlin worldwide on CNN in this game Berlin is advanced as a phenomenal city. Berlin has a great deal of chances like they assemble an entirely different current train station, yet in addition have old memorable structures. In a handout about the workmanship exhibition hall in Berlin brought in German the Gem㠯⠿â ½ldegalerie, which assortment one of the greatest from craftsmanship between the thirteenth and eighteenth century an image of an advanced structure is appeared on the facade of the leaflet

Factors that influence public trust in government Essay

Trust is a mind boggling relational just as hierarchical build, which happens when parties who have certain ideal impression of one another permit this relationship to create and arrive at the normal levels. Trust is a powerful path through which social, monetary and political relationship exchange expenses can be brought down . In political field, residents may either be trusted or questioned in their abilities to pick chose authorities or backing for an assortment of open arrangements dependent on the assessment of citizen’s skill to settle on choices in this space. Government authorities, then again, might be trusted or doubted in thinking of and actualizing open arrangement, in view of the desires for information just as the mastery of the authorities engaged with the approach making process. There is a huge extent of the U. S populace that keeps on doubting the administration regardless of the nearness of a grouping of projects planned for reestablishing open trust in government . Absence of trust in government by the individuals is firmly related to the manner in which individuals feel concerning the general condition of a nation. Peruse more: Influences that influence children’s improvement paper Despite the fact that individual fulfillment is gradually expanding and trust in neighborhood and national government is expanding because of quality of a flourishing economy, rebuilding notwithstanding upkeep of open intrigue stays a significant and testing objective . Despite the way that the national mind-set and trust in the administration have expanded since the mid 1990s, an impressive extent of the United States residents is still profoundly unsatisfied with the status of the country, an angle that brings down their trust in government . Other than persevering concern concerning the ethical soundness of American culture, a factor that brings down the fulfillment of the individuals to the condition of the country, absence of happiness with the trustworthiness of the chosen authorities is another central point that prompts doubt of government. An assortment of moral concerns are currently bringing down the inspirational mentalities of the American individuals towards the legislature. Disappointment with political pioneers is one of the most significant variables that bring about absence of trust in government by the individuals . This is because of the various reactions of the way lawmakers, who structure the utilitarian piece of the administration, does their obligations. Nonetheless, there is no unmistakable sign that dissatisfaction and doubt with the legislature are close to an emergency stage . The open want to be served by government authorities has stayed consistent for over three decades. Doubt and uneasiness with the administration has not brought about dismissal for nation’s laws. It likewise doesn't dissolve enthusiasm or dishearten open authorities from doing their obligations. Indeed, even in times when open trust in government has gone down, a level of the populace despite everything prescribe an administration occupation to their youngsters. Absence of trust in government doesn't infer that people in general resents it; rather it suggests that the degree of dissatisfaction exuding from poor conveyance of administrations by government authorities is high. Increment in the degree of dissatisfaction crumbles the quality notwithstanding the idea of discourse between the Americans and their pioneers. Elements that impact open trust in government Absence of trust in government by the individuals is one sad factor that can contrarily affect on the working of the administration. This is because of the way that various legislative exercises call for participation between the legislature and the individuals. Without the collaboration of the individuals, it would be absolutely unimaginable for the administration to actualize a few arrangements . Other than challenges in execution of strategies, doubt in government has other unfavorable results. A portion of these negative results are that voter turnout during presidential decisions has become altogether low . In popularity based countries, the trust of the individuals in government is a main consideration that adds to the development of economy notwithstanding giving a base on which political pioneers can settle on sound choices. The greatness of open trust in government impacts the capacity of the administration to produce the income required to help open projects . In any case, it can likewise be considered as shocking component for individuals to absolutely confide in the legislature without scrutinizing its tasks. Placing all out trust in the legislature may bring about the administration declining into making insufficient and terrible approaches. In various investigations led by the Pew Research Center for The People and The Press to decide the variables that bring about doubt in government, Americans were uncovered to be less reproachful of the administration in different manners when contrasted with the manner in which it was in the earlier decades . Despite the fact that these investigations uncovered expanded doubt in government by the individuals, assessment of open laborers and explicit government divisions discovered that the conveyance of administrations had improved radically in the course of the most recent couple of years. These investigations uncovered that lone a couple of individuals censure the government when contrasted with the case during the 1990s, when the administration was viewed as wasteful, inefficient, inert and excessively severe. The quantities of the individuals who believe that business tasks are contrarily influenced by the exacting guideline procedures utilized by the administration were likewise uncovered to have dropped. All things considered, doubt of government by the American populace stays generous, just under 40% of the populace keeps up its trust in the administration all the time . Over half of the populace clarifies that they are disappointed by the legislature as opposed to irritated by it . Right now, in the United States as uncovered by Pew Research Center for The People and The Press, a greater number of individuals have trust in neighborhood government than they have in national government . This is a factor in opposition to the manner in which it was around two decades back, when Americans were more satisfied with the government than with the nearby government. Trust in state and neighborhood government has anyway developed impressively alongside significant decrease in trust in government . Seat Research Center studies anyway didn't uncover nearness of unfavorable outcomes to the nation because of doubt in government. One of the main considerations that impact the open trust in government is the method of activity of the legislators who lead the legislature. Disappointment of chose authorities for serve general society as per the enthusiasm of the individuals brings about decrease of open trust in government. Ineptitude of chose authorities likewise brings about disintegration of open trust in government. Open trust in government include desire for guardian commitment and obligation . The view of guardian duty is grounded on the conviction that a few people in the public eye have moral commitment just as the obligation to communicate uncommon worry for enthusiasm of others over their own. In arrangement advancement, guardian commitment is lit up by the desire that legislators and other open authorities will create approaches that will profit the general population notwithstanding settling on choices dependent on the enthusiasm of the open instead of on close to home and factional gains . Residents readily oblige arrangements they see as advantageous and made inside an authentic procedure. Despite what might be expected, residents don't oblige arrangements they see as dangerous and created inside ill-conceived methods . Advancement of strategies is along these lines a central point that decides if the open will have trust in the administration or not. Different variables that exude from the created strategies may likewise prompt advancement of or decrease out in the open trust in government. These arrangement results include: harmony, thriving, notwithstanding other alluring viewpoints that are related with open fulfillment with the administrations of the legislature . The course of the nation is the other factor that decides the degree of open trust in government. Recognition that everything is going the correct way brings about increment in trust of open trust in government. In actuality, if residents see that everything the administration does notwithstanding the bearing of the nation isn't going the correct way; they may lose their trust in government. What's more, open discernment that the administration authorities are at fault for the unfavorable conditions that lock the nation, may bring about a decay of open trust in government . The capacity of the administration to give security to general society is another factor that can expand open trust in government. The open chooses open authorities anticipating that them should concoct arrangements and procedures planned for creating and keeping up security of the country. Inability to create security approaches brings down open trust in government, though improvement of security arrangements notwithstanding usage of these strategies brings about growth of open trust in government. An administration that doesn't ensure security to its kin ought not anticipate that the general population should have trust in it . Respect to the privileges of people is the other factor that significantly impacts the trust of general society in government. Residents view the legislature to shield them from infringement of their privileges. On the off chance that a legislature is described by widespread infringement of the privileges of residents, it ought not hope to have open trust in it. Individuals profoundly despise government authorities who damage their privileges. Open trust is low in a legislature that doesn't ensure assurance of the privileges of people who make up the more prominent network. By the by, open trust in government increments when government authorities regard the privileges of residents. Financial pattern is the other factor that can incredibly influence the

Empirically Supported Treatments for Psych Disorders

Empirically Supported Treatments for Psych Disorders BPD Treatment Print Empirically Supported Treatments for Psychological Disorders By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 02, 2018 Tetra Images / Getty Images More in BPD Treatment Diagnosis Living With BPD Related Conditions Empirically supported treatments, otherwise known as evidence-based treatments or evidence-based practices, are treatments and therapies that have research-based medical and scientific evidence showing that they work. How do doctors know that empirically supported treatments work? Thats where the research comes in. Empirically supported treatments have been tested in scientifically designed randomized controlled trials. If youre not sure what a randomized controlled trial is, youre not alone. The following explanation can help. What Is a Randomized Clinical Trial? First, its important to understand that randomized controlled trials are considered the gold standard for testing new treatments. Every new treatment submitted for FDA approval must be supported by results from randomized controlled trials  demonstrating that its both safe and effective. For instance, when your doctor prescribes a medication for you here in the United States, its an empirically supported treatment that the FDA has approved. The words randomized, control, and trial have specific meanings in terms of testing new medical treatments: Randomized means the participants in the study have been assigned in no particular way to the groups that will be studied. This is done so that the results of the study wont be skewed by the participants or study investigators knowledge of how they were chosen. Controlled means that one of the groups studied does not receive the new (active) treatment being tested. Instead, they receive a placebo or dummy that looks like the tested medication but doesnt contain its active ingredient. The placebo may be a sugar pill or another medication. This study design allows the researchers to reasonably expect that the health effects they observe in the active group that they dont observe in the control group resulted from the use of the new treatment. Trial simply means that the treatment is on trial during the randomized controlled trial. If the study results are positive for the treatments safety and effectiveness, and the results lead to approval of it by the FDA, its an empirically supported treatment. Empirically Supported Treatments for BPD There are currently three treatments for borderline personality disorder (BPD) that are considered empirically supported: Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Schema-Focused Therapy, and Transference-Focused Therapy. Where to Get Additional Information About Empirically Supported Treatments The Society of Clinical Psychology, a division of the American Psychological Association, maintains a list of psychotherapy treatments that are considered empirically supported. The Society also supports an ongoing discussion within the field of psychology about how  best  to define and promote the use of empirically supported treatments. The United States Substance and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) maintains the National Registry of Evidence-Based Programs and Practices (NREPP), another list of empirically supported treatments. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Empirically Supported Treatments for Psych Disorders

Empirically Supported Treatments for Psych Disorders BPD Treatment Print Empirically Supported Treatments for Psychological Disorders By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 02, 2018 Tetra Images / Getty Images More in BPD Treatment Diagnosis Living With BPD Related Conditions Empirically supported treatments, otherwise known as evidence-based treatments or evidence-based practices, are treatments and therapies that have research-based medical and scientific evidence showing that they work. How do doctors know that empirically supported treatments work? Thats where the research comes in. Empirically supported treatments have been tested in scientifically designed randomized controlled trials. If youre not sure what a randomized controlled trial is, youre not alone. The following explanation can help. What Is a Randomized Clinical Trial? First, its important to understand that randomized controlled trials are considered the gold standard for testing new treatments. Every new treatment submitted for FDA approval must be supported by results from randomized controlled trials  demonstrating that its both safe and effective. For instance, when your doctor prescribes a medication for you here in the United States, its an empirically supported treatment that the FDA has approved. The words randomized, control, and trial have specific meanings in terms of testing new medical treatments: Randomized means the participants in the study have been assigned in no particular way to the groups that will be studied. This is done so that the results of the study wont be skewed by the participants or study investigators knowledge of how they were chosen. Controlled means that one of the groups studied does not receive the new (active) treatment being tested. Instead, they receive a placebo or dummy that looks like the tested medication but doesnt contain its active ingredient. The placebo may be a sugar pill or another medication. This study design allows the researchers to reasonably expect that the health effects they observe in the active group that they dont observe in the control group resulted from the use of the new treatment. Trial simply means that the treatment is on trial during the randomized controlled trial. If the study results are positive for the treatments safety and effectiveness, and the results lead to approval of it by the FDA, its an empirically supported treatment. Empirically Supported Treatments for BPD There are currently three treatments for borderline personality disorder (BPD) that are considered empirically supported: Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Schema-Focused Therapy, and Transference-Focused Therapy. Where to Get Additional Information About Empirically Supported Treatments The Society of Clinical Psychology, a division of the American Psychological Association, maintains a list of psychotherapy treatments that are considered empirically supported. The Society also supports an ongoing discussion within the field of psychology about how  best  to define and promote the use of empirically supported treatments. The United States Substance and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) maintains the National Registry of Evidence-Based Programs and Practices (NREPP), another list of empirically supported treatments. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Don’t get me started on British Summer Time

Don’t get me started on British Summer Time To rip off one of the most revered Englishwomen from history: it is a truth universally acknowledged that in the months leading up to that elusive concept, the British summer time, men and women across this green and pleasant land will be planning, plotting and predicting their outdoor activities, under the expected smiling sun. Whether that be family picnics in Hyde Park, adventurous rambles in emerald green woodlands or barbecues and laughter in back gardens, the air is thick with a sense of expectancy and promise and hope and desire and anticipation and yearning...because we’re all idiots. Idiots who never, ever, ever learn. How many times have we had to rain check that barbecue (alright, alright, I can hear your groan and see the rolling of your eyes at my somewhat predictable pun. But given that this is a rant about British summer time, did you really think I’d miss the opportunity to include some meteorological l inguistic references?)? And another thing: why do we always hang on to what â€Å"they† say about the weather, as desperately as people clinging onto the poles of the back of an open bus whilst it’s hurtling through pot-holed streets and zigzagging in an attempt to avoid the blindly crossing pedestrians. I appreciate this particular image might feel like a load of hyperbole, designed only to poke fun at the English and our unshakeable belief in our fairytale summer. But believe me, I’ve been to India and the comparison stands. However, I digress. Back to â€Å"they†. First question, who are â€Å"they†? Second question, why do â€Å"they† always seem to churn out the same smiling lies every year: â€Å"It’s going to be the hottest summer on record!†; â€Å"We’re definitely having an Indian summer this time!† And the most ludicrous of them all: â€Å"They say we might even have a hosepipe ban!† And we belie ve them, like gormless lemmings. Despite looking out the window, whilst being trapped inside our houses, as the rain torrents down, the clouds clap in mockery and the grey skies grimace, we will invariably turn to our nearest and dearest and assert with 100% certainty that â€Å"they† might still be right and it will indeed be the hottest summer on record. Ok, cynicism aside, let’s suspend all disbelief and imagine for one moment that this ridiculous prophecy had the power to really come true. Let’s say that on one odd, random Sunday, the sun actually decides to grace us with its presence. Would we embrace the summer? Would we put all our ideals into practice? Would we indulge ourselves in chocolate chip ice cream, strawberry-flavoured lollipops, mango ice lollies and frozen pineapple drinks? Of course not! Perhaps for a fleeting moment we might, but then comes the inevitable myriad of complaints: My ice cream’s melted! It’s too hot! It’s t oo sticky! I can’t breathe! I’m going to faint! No wonder the clouds decide to unleash their fury on us the very next day; they tried being generous and giving us the hot day that we’d been longing for all year, and what did we do in return? We just grumbled, nitpicked and whined, so they decided we’re not worth it and started playing clapping games with each other again. Can you blame them? And their anger (caused by this quintessentially British trait) spills over and ruins another quintessentially British activity: Wimbledon. Tournament of the stars, the most prestigious, priceless prize for any tennis player. And the prize that the adoring fans take home is the ‘I queued in the rain at Wimbledon in 1877, 1878, 1879, 1880†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..2011’ sticker. Great. You’d have thought that somewhere along this extensive timeline, someone would have had the insight to suggest that soggy England might not have been the best bet? So, to s ummarise, we spend nine months out of the twelve months in a year complaining about the frostiness of Britain and waiting for summer ,and with it the sun, to come out. Then we proceed to spend twelve out of sixteen of those weeks peeking through the curtains, watching the slow, silent, stifling rain and begging the sun to show its face. Hey presto! The sun comes out and it really is sunny, so we spend about an hour enjoying said sun but then move onto moaning and groaning about how sticky and hot it is. And by the time we figure out what weather we really want in Britain, the whole world will have been destroyed by freakish weather, beginning with 90 ° sunshine, followed by giant balls of hail, succeeded with a desert storm (don’t ponder too deeply on that one. Perhaps it was a very windy day in Africa†¦) and culminating in a tornado. And then will we be happy? No, because we’ll all be dead! Although they’ll be much to talk of weather to keep us happy in the afterlife/heaven (delete as applicable). I know it may appear as though I have spent the whole time mocking us all for our moaning. But there is something undeniably charming about our pluckiness; we never let a bit of water ruin our hope for summer. A tiny part of our psyche wants to cease grumbling but the more vociferous loves a good groan. So what are you gonna do? I suggest, grab a brolly and hit the beach, England!

Useful Japanese Adjectives

Here is the list of useful Japanese adjectives and their pronunciations. bigookiiÃ¥ ¤ §Ã£  Ã£ â€ž smallchiisaiÃ¥ ° Ã£ â€¢Ã£ â€ž longnagaié• ·Ã£ â€ž shortmijikaiçŸ ­Ã£ â€ž thick, fatfutoiÃ¥ ¤ ªÃ£ â€ž slender (person)yasetaや㠁›ã Å¸ thinusuièâ€"„㠁„ widehiroiÃ¥ ºÆ'㠁„ narrowsemaiç‹ ­Ã£ â€ž heavyomoié‡ Ã£ â€ž lightkaruiè » ½Ã£ â€ž hightakaié «ËœÃ£ â€ž lowhikuiä ½Å½Ã£ â€ž fasthayai速㠁„ slow, lateosoié â€¦Ã£ â€ž many, muchooiÃ¥ ¤Å¡Ã£ â€ž few, littlesukunaiÃ¥ °â€˜Ã£  ªÃ£ â€ž hardkatai㠁‹ã Å¸Ã£ â€ž softyawarakaiã‚„ã‚ Ã£â€šâ€°Ã£ â€¹Ã£ â€ž deepfukaiæ · ±Ã£ â€ž shallowasaiæ µâ€¦Ã£ â€ž beautifulutsukushiiç ¾Å½Ã£ â€"㠁„ uglyminikuié†Å"㠁„ prettykireina㠁 Ã£â€šÅ'㠁„㠁 ª cutekawaii㠁‹ã‚ Ã£ â€žÃ£ â€ž cleanseiketsunaæ ¸â€¦Ã¦ ½â€Ã£  ª dirtykitanaiæ ±Å¡Ã£ â€ž fasthayai速㠁„ slowosoié â€¦Ã£ â€ž strongtsuyoiÃ¥ ¼ ·Ã£ â€ž weakyowaiÃ¥ ¼ ±Ã£ â€ž calmshizukanaé â„¢Ã£ â€¹Ã£  ª brightakarui明る㠁„ darkkuraiæšâ€"㠁„ newatarashiiæâ€" °Ã£ â€"㠁„ oldfuruiÃ¥  ¤Ã£ â€ž youngwakaiè‹ ¥Ã£ â€ž hotatsui暑㠁„ coldsamuiÃ¥ ¯â€™Ã£ â€ž far, distanttooié   Ã£ â€ž nearchikaiè ¿â€˜Ã£ â€ž

The Threat Of Terrorist Organizations - 1639 Words

Question 1 Terrorist organizations have been in existence for hundreds of years long before they were a serious threat to the United States. Terrorist organizations have the means and capabilities to reach out to just about every country around the globe. Many of the current terrorist groups only have their main focus on spreading their beliefs on others in the region they are located. Take ISIS for instance, they are a group who only believe in an Islamic state and have continued their reign of terror in Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan. This group believed that the people of their three nations need to follow their way of life. ISIS first began in Iraq but want to create a complete Islamic state in the Middle East. Other groups who†¦show more content†¦Of course this has always been a major concern to the United States government, especially the Homeland Security department. Terrorist groups are becoming or finding ways to become more sophisticated in how they are committing te rrorist attacks. With the support of certain countries who support them and let them conduct fundraisers, they have implemented other means such as suicide bombers and lone wolfs. In the recent years, many countries have come to agreements to support each other on the war on terror. The United States have been working with other countries on preventing attacks but to also have the capabilities to conduct anti-terrorist operations beyond American borders. With the help with other countries, terrorist organizations are not only pushing their belief of Islam upon others. The international crime wave has put all countries around the world on alert because groups like the Sinaloa Cartel and mob type families are a part of a multi-billion dollar industry that consist of human trafficking, drug smuggling, weapons trafficking and so on. The United States cannot combat terrorist or organized crime families by itself and need as much international cooperation from others around the world to e nsure such problems are taking care of. Its very upsetting to see this great nation involved with just about every problem that is happening in other countries and here in America, there are people who are homeless

Personal Statement My Personal Identity - 2096 Words

Looking back on my life then, I can see how some of my personal identities play into my missional calling. I am a person that really likes helping and taking care of people. I hate seeing someone in pain or having a hard time. It really plays a role on my emotions, so I always feel the need to help people in need. But I also really like taking care of children. Children are so fun and free. These identities all played into my missional calling to help people and be there for someone who needs support. I think I always wanted to help people growing up because I didn’t know how to help my dad when I was little. And I felt guilty about standing around and ignoring the problem. Right after I graduated from middle school I had the opportunity to volunteer for girls and boys club for the summer. With this program I got to be with children everyday and look after them. I got to take care of them and have fun doing activities that were carefree and life changing. This is when I knew I wanted to work with children when I got older. In middle school I think my general calling was to continue to do what I love and work hard. I think God was calling me love and respect the people around me even if they don’t. Middle school was hard for me because I saw people changing and God was telling me not to change. That I was who He made me to be and He had plans for me. At that time in my life I needed to stay focused on myself and loving who I was. Because I didn’t love who I was. I hated theShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : My Personal Identity3117 Words   |  13 PagesMy Personal Identity I am who I am because of my parents’ influence on my life. Their strengths and weaknesses as human beings have profoundly impacted my personality and my world view in a variety of ways. With all three of my parents exhibiting a passion for travel and adventure, I could hardly help but become a more curious and open-minded person. Throughout the past eighteen years I have had the privilege of moving with my step-dad to California, Maine, Hawaii, and Washington; following myRead MorePersonal Statement : My Identity1472 Words   |  6 PagesMy Identity What describes my identity? This is a question I have rarely been asked, and, it has me thinking, because I belong to a lot of groups. We all belong to multiple groups in my case, I am a college student, Christian, music, African American male, caring for my future, love spending time with family, I love traveling, and I live in the United States of America. Although there are more, these are groups that relate to me and generally relate to others. Different events shape my identityRead MorePersonal Statement : My Identity Project1550 Words   |  7 PagesFor my identity project, rather than being creative by tying my identity to something symbolic or creating an extended metaphor, I realized the best route for me was to write a paper. This wasn’t because I was too lazy to find some sort of creative outlet, but I thought that the best way for me to evaluate my identity is by telling my coming out story and how it was affected by my identity and eyedentity. I tried to think o f some way to make this creative, but I realized that the best way to do thisRead MoreCultural Interview Is An Indispensable Element Of One s Professional Success Essay1672 Words   |  7 Pagestheories/concepts discussed in class. In addition, the received data may also serve as a practical illustration of the differences between the Personal and Group identities. Finally, the interview has largely changed my personal perspective and understanding concerning the work with the clients representing a different culture. Notably, speaking about the start of a personal career, there are several worth consideration points to be taken out of the interview. The interrelations between the answers and theRead MoreReflection Of Identity In Locke And John Lockes Personal Identity954 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Locke in â€Å"Personal Identity† argues that, identity is a function of the mind and not the body. In simple terms, Locke considers personal identity as a matter of psychological continuity, founded on consciousness and not on the substance of either the soul or the body. Locke, is an empiricism which means that his theories must be built on experiences. This is why he states that consciousness is the experience we create, which then creates the personal identity of a person. Locke says that theRead MoreSantes Resume1150 Words   |  5 PagesLuc Santà ©s Resume is a personal account of cultural and socio-economical changes throughout Europe during the mid 20th century, and how they potentially correlated to impact his life. Resume consists of nine different life summaries, each with introductory constants (Luc Santà © birth details, Lucien Santà ©s work history), before an opposing tale is expressed to conclude each paragraph. These vary in positive and negative connotations, but the concluding argument Santà ©s work puts forth aligns withRead MoreThe Body, Soul, And Brain1426 Words   |  6 PagesWhen it comes to personal identity and survival of the self, it is difficult to say what defines a person throughout time. The three arguments are for the body, soul, and brain. These theories argue that each respective component of a person, must remain the same throughout time in order for a person to be unchanged. The brain theory is more plausible than its counterparts. To prove this, first, I will describe the soul and body theories, which I oppose, and then present an argument based on theRead MorePersonal Response on Sexuality Identity Essay1418 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal Response on Sexuality Identity University of Phoenix Personal Response on Sexuality Identity Our sexual identity starts at birth and evolves as we continue to age. Several factors can influence an individual’s sexual identity. Like several things in one’s life, sexual identity develops as we go through different stages of life. The things that could influence the development of our sexual identity are environmental factors, value systems, gender identity, relationships, andRead MoreThe Discourse Of A Dorm At Western University ( Gunnison ) Essay1221 Words   |  5 Pagesparticipants involved in this discourse was Grace Welden, my best friend, and Myself (Taylor Salazar). Two friends with no audience. The particular purpose of the discourse was mainly to see how each of us were doing with college and how the day was going, however, the conversation escalated, in order of acts/ events ,after we began to talk about relationships into a discussion that’s’ end goals were to come to an understanding behind my choice to leave a group chat that had all our mutual friendsRead MoreOnline Shopping On The Internet1410 Words   |  6 Pagesinteresting way that our identities are formed through consumption is on the internet. Consumption online is unique in that the items we purchase, the items we view and do not purchase, and our purchasing habits are all compiled as data. Our identities as online shoppers are summarized by not only the purchases we make online, but everything else we consume on the internet. Browsers store internet history and calculate what we are likely to consume next. This data is a form of identity that we have complete

Gender Equality in Marriage in Islam - 1265 Words

What does â€Å"Marriage† mean? According to the Collins dictionary: â€Å"Marriage is a contract made by two people to live together† According to the Oxford dictionary: â€Å"The formal union of a man and a woman, typically as recognized by law, by which they become husband and wife† According to the Merriam Webster dictionary: â€Å"The state of being united to a person of the opposite sex as husband or wife in a consensual and contractual relationship recognized by law† In general, it can be described as a relationship between a man and a woman who have made a legal agreement to live together. They expect each other to help with problems and share responsibilities for example: earn a living, budgeting money, preparing meals and taking care of the house†¦show more content†¦Custody questions are to be settled in a manner that balances the interests of both the parents and the wellbeing of the child. †¢ To earn a living, provide food and clothes to the family is the husband’s duty, while proper education, upbringing and ideal functioning of the home is the wife’s responsibility. This in no way means that the wife shall not help the husband with his professional work neither that the husband shall not help the wife with the household chores. If a woman helps her husband financially then this will be considered an act of charity. In a Hadith authenticated by Saheeh, the Prophet encouraged men to assist their wives with the household errands. The Prophet’s wife reported that he would often sew his torn clothes, repair his worn out shoes and milk his goat. †¢ Forms of marriage dissolution include mutual agreement, the husbands initiative, the wifes initiative (if part of her marital contract, court decision on the wifes initiative (for a cause), and the wifes initiative without a cause provided that she returns the marital gift to her husband (khula) Is marriage obligatory? To get married is always recommended (mustahabb) and suggested in Islam but is it obligatory? It might be obligatory (wajib) in certain cases or even might be forbidden (haram) in certain cases. Marriage is obligatory when: †¢ A person is not able to control themselves and fears that they might fallShow MoreRelatedReligion Is A Major Source Of Gender And Sexual Inequality1614 Words   |  7 PagesReligion is a major source of gender and sexual inequality. Religion is important in society as it contributes significantly to social solidarity. However religion can also be regarded as a source of alienation in which people lose the connection with themselves and their fellow humans. Marx believed that religion can also be seen as a contributor to oppression because not only does it encourage meekness and passivity and deflected people from resisting suffering in this world (Van Krieken et alRead MoreComparing Womens Roles in Christianity and Islam Essay1166 Words   |  5 PagesComparing Womens Roles in Christianity and Islam Christianity Concept of God: ChristiansRead MoreTextual Analysis Of Leila Ahmed s Women And Gender1451 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Leila Ahmed’s â€Å"Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate† â€Å"Women and Gender in Islam† by Leila Ahmed was published in 1992, at a time when research on Arab women was a young, newly emerging field of study. Leila Ahmed is an Egyptian American writer and feminist. Her text â€Å"Women and Gender in Islam† targets proclaimed feminists, both western and non-western, as the intended audience. The text is involved with the discourse of gender, the discourses of women, the discoursesRead MoreWomen s Status Of Women1668 Words   |  7 PagesSOCIAL JUSTICE Status of women in the society derives from different sources in Bangladesh. Unlike the western society Bangladeshi women hardly demand the absolute equality—equal share in parental property, full freedom and liberation as individuals. Rather they love to see their roles within social contexts and would prefer gender equity within the traditional framework. The status of women in our society can be explained from the social attitude and from the legal aspect which is the last resortRead MoreThe Arrival Of Islam And Islam952 Words   |  4 PagesThe arrival of Islam brought many changes to Arabian life and society as it then existed. One of these changes was among the treatment of women and their place in society. Before the coming of Islam in the 7th century, women were thought to be inferior servants to men. The arrival of Islam throughout Arabia opened many opportunities for women that allowed them more rights and more influence on the basis of equality. The arrival of Islam is what was crucial for women to be seen as human beings. WomenRead MoreMatriarchy and Patriarchy in Todays World1585 Words   |  7 Pagespatriarchal way of life. While on the other hand, the Mosuo people of China are one of the few remaining societies that don’t consider a gender superior over the other but their women are seen as being more prestigious than their men and that may make the Mosuo a matriarch. Without a doubt, the differences between Hindu, Islamic, and Mosuo views on a superior gender are impacted by their different religions, and cultural beliefs. 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Among the religions, Islam, as a religion with over half a billionRead MoreGender Relations During The Iranian Revolution1664 Words   |  7 Pages The subject of gender relations in Iran has been a contentious social issue and has become more controversial since the Iranian Revolution of 1979. Mainstream news outlets such as CNN and BBC have reported that the â€Å"Islamization† that followed the Islamic Republic has led to a reversal of women’s rights in Iran (Nia 2010; BBC 2009). The policies pursued by the Islamic Republic have, however, â€Å"facilitated education, mobilization, and participation† for many women within the context of the country

Essay about The Philosophy of Existentialism - 1069 Words

‘The most dangerous follower is he whose defection would destroy the whole party: that is to say, the best follower.’ – Friedrich Nietzsche Being recognizable and distinctive nowadays is something most individuals seek after. To become important or standing out in any community is not something today’s individuals have created or whatsoever! Ever since the twentieth century and even before, that belief and eagerness to prove your existence has been noticeably present. Not only between common people has this been there, also philosophers had sincerely thought about that humanly keenness to prove that one is different and essential, and tried to philosophically explain it. The term used for that theory is existentialism; as explained by†¦show more content†¦Another observation is that most of these philosophers were either religious moralists (a philosopher who specializes in moral issues related to religion), agnostic relativists (who are people that believe the existence of a higher power can’t be proven or disproven, as well as believe that some elements of experience are relative in terms of what they depend on, for example), or the last and most common type are amoral atheists (who are people that don’t believe in the existence of a higher god, however don’t have their own sets of morals and ethics that they follow). This, we can most clearly regard in the two most famous philosophers of the 19th century that have been one of the first; Sà ¸ren Kierkegaard and Friedrich Nietzsche. Later on during the 20th century, Martin Heidegger (a German philosopher) influenced other existentialist philosophers like Albert Camus, Sartre, and Simone de Beauvoir. Kierkegaard, the Danish philosopher, was a religious philosopher that believed in god however was interested in the individual silent struggle of humans with their so seeming meaningless life, and the way they used diversion to escape this world’s boredom. Nietzsche on the other hand, the German philosopher, was a pure anti-Christian that argued that â€Å"God is dead† (according to the change that has happened in the European churches at thatShow MoreRelatedJean Paul Sartre : The Philosophy Of Existentialism1484 Words   |  6 PagesJean Paul Sartre is a philosopher that supports the philosophy of existentialism. Existentialism is a twentieth century philosophy that denies any crucial human nature and embraces that each of us produces our own essence through our free actions. Existentialists like Sartre believe there isn’t a God that determines people’s nature. So, existentialists believe that humans have no purpose or nature except the ones that they create for themselves. We are free and responsible for what we are and ourRead MoreJean Paul Sartre : Existentialism Philosophy1788 Words   |  8 PagesJean Paul Sartre Existentialism Philosophy Jean Paul Sartre is considered the father of Existentialist philosophy. Following the Second World War, Jean Paul’s writings set the tone for an intellectual life. Sartre was born in Paris and he spent most of his life there. Having attended various prestigious Parisian schools with traditional philosophical education, he was introduced to the history of Western philosophy with a bias toward Cartesianism and neo Kantianism. As soon as the World War endedRead MoreProgressivism and Existentialism: My Beliefs Regarding the Philosophy of Education734 Words   |  3 Pageswith a safe context to develop self-esteem and confidence, which are the essential building blocks upon which they can successfully set and achieve goals. In regards to specific philosophies of education, my beliefs could be considered a combination between progressivism and existentialism. According to this philosophy of education, the role of the teacher is to provide students with instruction from the perspective of a support, helping the students develop their natural learning styles and abilitiesRead MoreExistentialism And Progressivism : Which Educational Philosophy Do You Most Closely Identify With And Why?971 Words   |  4 PagesSmith Sodey Education 2209 October 14, 2014 Educational Philosophies: Existentialism and Progressivism Which educational philosophy do you most closely identify with and why? After taking the philosophic inventory I found that I scored highest with existentialism and second highest with progressivism. After researching both existentialism and progressivism, I concluded that I agreed with both of these philosophies. I agree with existentialism because I believe that being an individual is importantRead MoreExistentialism1408 Words   |  6 Pages Existentialism and its facets There are many philosophies that people use in their lives. Some of the ways of thinking are linked to some prominent people. There is idealism, naturalism, experimentalism, and existentialism among others. This essay explores existentialism, which has been postulated by Sartre among others. The other proponents of existentialism include Nietzsche, Kierkegaard, martin Buber, Martin Heidegger and Martin Buber. The weakness and strengths of existentialism are going toRead MoreExistentialism And Human Emotions By Jean Paul Sartre1513 Words   |  7 PagesJean-Paul Sartre s novel Existentialism and Human Emotions discusses his philosophy that man is responsible for what he is and what he does; that man chooses his values and makes himself. At the beginning of the book, Sartre defends existentialism against several charges that had been laid against it. Throughout the book, Sartre refers to the basis of existentialism using the phrase ‘existence precedes essence . With this, phr ase lies the basis for the argument that Existentialism is a Humanism. InRead MoreThe Vienna Circle, By Rudolph Carnap And Kurt Godel992 Words   |  4 Pagesis highly recognized in the history of philosophy. In other words, this group, also known as a gang of philosophers, has as much right to be a school of philosophy as any other school at that time. The group included several philosophers such as Rudolph Carnap and Kurt Godel, who were the founders of the group, which as its name, began meeting in Vienna in the twentieth century. These philosophers who formed the â€Å"Vienna Circle†, dedicated to the philosophy of reconciliation with the new sciencesRead MoreThe Life of Jean-Paul Sartre847 Words   |  4 Pages Existentialism could be defined as a philosophical theory that focuses on the individual person being a free and responsible person who determines his or her own development through acts of will. Existentialism is a thesis that has been discussed by some of the greatest philosophical minds ever to live. Minds such as Kierkegaard and Nietzsche all had their own view on what existentialism was and major impact on the development of this thesis. Each of these philosophies played a hugeRead MoreExistentialism And The Beliefs Of The Movement1454 Words   |  6 PagesPalahniuk that is a good summary of existentialism and the beliefs of the movement. Existentialism was a turning point for society and literature that advocated the expansion of the minds of authors and their readers so we could improve our thinking to be more enlightened and free. The movement sparked much alternative thinking to allow our society to grow into what it is today and without it people would most likely be more close minded and less free. Existentialism was a very influential movement withRead More My Philosophy of Education Essay603 Words   |  3 PagesMy Philosophy of Education There are four main schools of philosophy in education: Perennialism, Progressivism, Essentialism and Existentialism. The results of my philosophy of education module showed that I am very eclectic, with the strongest attributes being in Progressivism and Essentialism. My lowest attribute in the module was Existentialism. Let’s study each of the schools and my relation to them in the order that they were scored in my module: Progressivism, Essentialism, Perennialism

Raft of the Medusa vs. Le Dejeuner Sur L’herbe free essay sample

Art History 153 Compare and Contrast Raft of the Medusa vs. Le Dejeuner sur L’Herbe In â€Å"The Raft of the Medusa† by Theodore Gericault there was use of the Baroque treatment of light in this painting. There is a physically powerful contrast between the spread-out group of survivors to the movement of the raft itself. There is a sharp contrast of light and dark colors of dynamic poses. There is a black man at the top of the survivors that is waving a rag or piece of cloth in desperation for rescue. The raft is full of saddened emotions for everyone involved. There is also Baroque treatment of light in the painting â€Å"Le Dejeuner sur L’Herbe† by Edouard Manet. The ways the colors of light and dark are used are reminders of the Baroque period. The woman that’s nude seems to be the focus of the painting and has an illuminating glow of her body surrounded by a dark background as she looks at the viewers with defiance. We will write a custom essay sample on Raft of the Medusa vs. Le Dejeuner Sur L’herbe or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The other woman who is at the pond also seems to glow as she bathes with her white gown on. There are really no dark areas of shadow from any of the figures in the painting. In â€Å"The Raft of the Medusa† the painter uses a lot of dark colors because the scene is very sad. He used brown, black and red; there is also a lot of form in this painting starting with the ocean waves on the left side of the painting and the around the survivors. Also in the sky where it looks like the sun is setting over the horizon. The line within the painting is the shape of a triangle. Light color is used on the men that seem to have fallen deathly ill or who has passed away. In the â€Å"Le Dejeuner sur L’ Herbe, there are some dark colors that are used in this painting, brown, red, black, and green. There are also some light colors that were used two color blues, white, orange, yellow, and light green. There is a line form on the grass from the left side of the painting that ends on the right to a tree. The form and technique used for this painting was innovative with the flat application of color. The most significant form of the painting is of the nude woman and also the woman by the pond.

Reformation in continental Europe and England and Essay Example For Students

Reformation in continental Europe and England and Essay its consequencesReformation is the religious revolution that took place in Western Europe in the 16th century. It arose from objections to doctrines and practices in the medieval church, loss of papal authority and credibility as well as other societal, political and economical issues of the time. This revolution had a major impact on Europe and it gave way to short term and long-term consequences, which still can be seen today. There were many causes of Reformation, some go as far back as the fourteenth century. One of the main ones was that the papal authority and credibility were damaged. This was done through, Avignon papacy, a time where the headquarters of the Holy See had to be moved from Rome to Avignon, it brought uncertainty to the people, as they did not trust the Pope, and believed the Pope favoured the French. Following this, the Great Western Schism also contributed to the loss of papal authority as it split Christian Europe into hostile camps, because three different men were claiming to be the true Pope, each having some support from different kings and princes of Europe. Finally, the corruption of the Renaissance papacy, such as that of Alexander VI (who did not keep the celibacy vow) resulted in loss of papal credibility. As the Holy See was not as powerful anymore, it was suffering from attacks on the papacy. Many felt that the Pope and his Bishops had developed into an abusive feudal monarchy. They were not happy that the Church was concentrating on making profits and not on the spiritual well being of people. Early reformation movements such as the Lollards and the Hussites that were founded by John Wycliffe and John Huss respectively were suppressed for their attacks on the papacy. People also resented the Church, because of practices such the indulgences a when individuals paid to church for forgiveness of their sins. The society was aware that the higher clergy was interested in political power, material possessions, and privileged position in public life. Many bishops and abbots (in some countries they were territorial princes) thought of themselves as secular rulers and not as servants of the Church. Members of the Church went to great lengths to increase their income, sometimes even uniting E piscopal sees to boost their funds and power. Basic obligations were abused practice of celibacy was not always observed. This resulted in lowering of moral standards of the clergy. The former prestige of clergy has vanished; people regarded them with disrespect and lost their faith in the Church As well as above causes, Renaissance a a period of great cultural rebirth was a catalyst for Reformation. It raised the level of education and brought about new scientific discoveries. Renaissance emphasized biblical languages, and allowed for critical analysis of the Bible. This led to different doctrinal interpretations such as that of Martin Luther in Germany, who was convinced that salvation came through faith in Jesus and not the sacraments of Church and John Calvin in Switzerland, who believed God has decided the destiny of a person and nothing could change this. The invention of printing by Johann Gutenberg provided a powerful instrument for the spread of these learning and Reformat ion ideas e.g John Calvinas aInstitutes of the Christian religiona. This sped up the Reformation because it allowed widespread broadcasting of criticism of the Church around Europe. While these were the main causes of Reformation in continental Europe, in England, King Henry VIII initiated the Reformation. Henry VIII wanted to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, after she had failed to produce a male heir to the throne. However, a divorce was not a simple issue. Henry VIII was a Roman Catholic and the Roman Catholic faith believed in marriage for life. It did not recognise, let alone support, divorce. He also wanted to prevent the interference of foreign powers in the national and international affairs of the country. By initiating the Reformation, Henry VIII intended to change the organization of the Church, its doctrines and methods regarding worship and make himself the Supreme Head of Church, which would allow for divorce. Julius Caesar Argumentative EssayMany causes and key individuals contributed to Reformation, a movement that reformed important doctrines and practices of the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the establishment of the Protestant churches. The consequences of Reformation varied across Europe, but the main outcomes were the further split of Christian Church and the numerous wars that caused deep disagreements, which still can be felt today.

Essay Topics For Students

Essay Topics For StudentsIn this article I will share with you some general essay topics for students. These topics will help to inspire and motivate your students to complete their assignments.Your students must know that their opinions will be heard and respected. Whether or not they decide to come up with an original idea, the professor will understand their viewpoint. The more that your students respect the professor, the more likely they are to complete their essays. By paying attention to their thoughts and opinions, you can use this information to spark an interest in them. If you give them the support that they need and are able to hear and understand their opinion, then it is bound to work for your students.As a teacher, it is your job to give your students the tools and encouragement that they need to succeed. You can do this by giving them specific topics that they can use to generate ideas for their essay. If you spend time guiding your students toward writing their own e ssays, then you are doing a good job and creating a very effective learning experience for your students.It may be a good idea to have one topic that the students can spend time on each semester. This could be a specific topic about their class that interests them. It may also be a topic that they came up with during one of their class discussions. Whatever the topic is, have them write about it in a creative way that will help them come up with new ideas.Once they have written on a topic, you should highlight the part of the essay that they wrote. There are many ways that you can highlight the content of their essay. You could print out the writing for that specific essay topic that they came up with, include it in your lecture notes, and include it in your end of class notes.You should keep your students engaged by giving them the help that they need as they start to put together their essay topics. Help them brainstorm topics that they may not have thought of or use tools that wi ll encourage them to find ways to get started.Great teachers will make sure that their students feel as though they are their best students. It is important to make sure that your students understand that they are valuable as members of the learning community. By showing them the tools that they can use to get started, you will make sure that they learn what it means to be an intellectual.

Developing Economy in Russian Federation after World War II

Global Climate Change and Evolution

Global Climate Change and Evolution It seems like every time a new story is created by the media about science, there needs to be some sort of controversial subject or debate included. The Theory of Evolution is no stranger to controversy, especially the idea that humans evolved over time from other species. Many religious groups and others do not believe in evolution because of this conflict with their creation stories. Another controversial science topic often talked about by the news media is global climate change, or global warming. Most people do not dispute that the average temperature of the Earth is increasing every year. However, the controversy comes in when there is an assertion that human actions are causing the process to speed up. The majority of scientists believe both evolution and global climate change to be true. So how does one affect the other? Global Climate Change Before connecting the two controversial scientific subjects, it is first important to understand what both are individually. Global climate change, once called global warming, is based on the annual increase in the average global temperature. In short, the average temperature of all places on Earth increases every year. This increase in temperature seems to be causing many potential environmental issues including the melting of the polar ice caps, more extreme natural disasters like hurricanes and tornadoes, and larger areas are becoming affected by droughts. Scientists have linked the increase in temperature to an overall increase in the number of greenhouse gases in the air. Greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide, are necessary to keep some heat trapped in our atmosphere. Without some greenhouse gases, it would be too cold for life to survive on Earth. However, too many greenhouse gases can have extreme effects on the life that is present. Controversy It would be pretty hard to dispute that the average global temperature for Earth is increasing. There are numbers that prove that. However, it is still a controversial subject because many people do not believe that humans are causing global climate change to speed up as some scientists are suggesting. Many opponents of the idea claim the Earth cyclically becomes hotter and colder over long periods of time, which is true. The Earth moves in and out of ice ages over somewhat regular intervals and has since before life and long before humans came into existence. On the other hand, there is no doubt that current human lifestyles do add greenhouse gases into the air at a very high rate. Some greenhouse gases are expelled from factories into the atmosphere. Modern automobiles release many types of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, that get trapped in our atmosphere. Also, many forests are disappearing because humans are cutting them down to create more living and agriculture space. This makes a large impact on the amount of carbon dioxide in the air because trees and other plants can use carbon dioxide and produce more oxygen through the process of photosynthesis. Unfortunately, if these large, mature trees are cut down, the carbon dioxide builds up and traps more heat. The Effect on Evolution Since evolution is most simply defined as the change in species over time, how can global warming change a species? Evolution is driven through the process of natural selection. As Charles Darwin first explained, natural selection is when favorable adaptations for a given environment are chosen over the less favorable adaptations. In other words, individuals within a population that have traits that are better suited to whatever their immediate environment is will live long enough to reproduce and pass down those favorable traits and adaptations to their offspring. Eventually, the individuals that have less favorable traits for that environment will either have to move to a new, more suitable environment, or they will die out and those traits will no longer be available in the gene pool for new generations of offspring. Ideally, this would create the strongest species possible to live long and prosperous lives in any environment. Going by this definition, natural selection is dependent upon the environment. As the environment changes, the ideal traits and favorable adaptations for that area will also change. This could mean that adaptations in a population of a species that were once the best are now becoming much less favorable. This means the species will have to adapt and perhaps even undergo speciation to create a stronger set of individuals to survive. If the species cannot adapt quickly enough, they will become extinct. Polar Bears and Other Endangered Species For example, polar bears are currently on the endangered species list due to global climate change. Polar bears live in areas where there is very thick ice in the northern polar regions of Earth. They have very thick coats of fur and layers upon  layers of fat to keep warm. They rely on fish that live under the ice as a primary food source and have become skilled ice fishermen in order to survive. Unfortunately, with the melting polar ice caps, the polar bears are finding their once favorable adaptations to be obsolete and they are not adapting quickly enough. The temperatures are increasing in those areas which make the extra fur and fat on the polar bears more of a problem than a favorable adaptation. Also, the thick ice that was once there to walk on is too thin to hold the weight of the polar bears any longer. Therefore, swimming has become a very necessary skill for polar bears to have. If the current increase in temperature keeps up or accelerates, there will be no more polar bears. Those who have the genes to be great swimmers will live a bit longer than those who do not possess that gene, but, eventually, all will most likely disappear since evolution takes many generations and there just is not enough time. There are many other species all over the Earth that are in the same sort of predicaments as the polar bears. Plants are having to adapt to differing amounts of rainfall than what is usual in their areas, other animals need to adjust to changing temperatures, and still, others have to deal with their habitats disappearing or changing due to human interference. There is no doubt that global climate change is causing problems and increasing the need for a quicker pace of evolution in order to avoid mass extinctions all over the world.

Usability Engineering Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Usability Engineering - Assignment Example Each day, about 400 members register in the site (Dream in code: Online). Registered members normally enjoy full access to thousands of tutorials in programming, code snippets, and definite forums topics where members can engage in constructive discussions in regard to the topics of concern to the members. In the last eight years, DIC has become very reputable in providing expertise for many students and professional in a very friendly and timely manner. Members of this site have profiles and depending on their activities online, they are categorised as badges, contributors, authors, experts, mentors, alumni, administrators, moderators and webmasters. Badges occur below the usernames f the members. Contributors are members who submit tutorials and code snippets on the site (Dream in code: Online). Authors on the other and are members who have taken their time to write a number of tutorials or some unique code snippets. Experts are members who answer questions accurately and are seen as being experts in a particular forum. Members who are categorised as mentors are given privilege to moderate forums. The alumni are members who were previously members of the DCI staff. Moderators help the community to understand the rules of engagement and dedicate a number of hours daily in moderating the sight (HCI in the software process: Online). Administrators are awarded a green badge and are very active in the site. They help in the daily operations of the site and suggest improvements. The webmaster oversees the daily operations of the site. This project involves a number of issues that are related to usability engineering. It ranges from the development of the appropriate method and a detailed description of the same. This project is deeply motivated by the desire to analyse the usability of DCI and determine ways in which the target community group can be satisfied more effectively (HCI in the software process: Online). Therefore, the research work will involve two

Judiciary Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Judiciary Assignment - Essay Example However, at around midnight, turmoil broke out for a couple of minutes and literally affected those in attendance. In this case, Bradley Smith was injured severely in the bar fight. He brought a premises liability action against Del Lago and the jury realized that the resort was 51% responsible and smith had a 49% responsibility on the occurrence. The damages were estimated to be worth $2,874,000, although the trial court minimized the damages by 49% and they agreed that Smith was to be compensated $1,478,283. Bradley smith won the case and he was compensated for his loss. This was a major reason that resulted to the judge’s disagreement. In case I was the Texas Supreme Court Justice, I would conclude the risk of a criminal act that occurred in the Grandstand Bar resulted to injuries although it was not predicted. This means that Del Lago never owed any legal duty to Smith so that he would protect him fro the criminal acts of the third party. In this case, a decision was issued on 3rd March, 2010 and it involved Ronald Lee Wilson, who was accused of shooting Amos Gutierrez during the year 2006. It was noted that the case was not successful since the detective used invalid forensic reports to deceive Wilson so that he would think that his fingerprints were on the ammo clip that was found lying next o the body of Amos Gutierrez. This issue focused Wilson to admit having committee the crime, although he was not involved. However, after the appellants motion to suppress, it is evident that the police officer who had interrogated the defendant had violated the Penal Code 37.09 and he confessed to have tampered with the forensic report. In conclusion, we note that the state provides the defense of the prosecution and it was concluded that Detective Robert created the document as an interrogation technique to ensure that the report was noted as the evidence. According to the law, Wilson served half of the

Procter Gamble Company Merger Case Study

Procter Gamble Company Merger Case Study The project deals with the analysis of mergers and acquisitions in an FMCG sector. Products which have a quick turnover, and relatively low cost are known as Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG). FMCG products are those that get replaced within a year. A merger is the combining of two or more companies, generally by offering the stockholders of one company securities in the acquiring company in exchange for the surrender of their stock. This project deals with the merger of Procter Gamble and Gillette, acquisition of Balsaras hygiene and home product by Dabur and Acquisition of Nihar brand from HLL by Marico. The methodology deals with the various ways in which the data for this project was collected. Due to the limited scope of information and time constraints, secondary and not primary data sources has been used including journals, articles, reference sites, etc. The project guide proved very vital in the successful completion of my report. The next section deals with the individual introduction of both companies involved in the process of merger. It further includes the different terms of the merger and various synergies created through the merger. Furthermore the next section deals with scenario after the merger and analysis of financial statements of acquiring company post merger. Building a brand from scratch in the FMCG space can be quite an expensive exercise. Mature categories such as personal care or household products are already dominated by one or two strong incumbents and wresting market share away from them is quite a challenge. With growth rates in markets such as skin care, hair care and household products suddenly moving into high gear, companies also cannot afford to lose time on the trial-and-error method that usually accompanies new launches. Given this scenario, domestic players seem to view brand acquisitions and mergers as the quickest way to step into new categories and acquire a well-rounded product basket, without squandering their surpluses on brand-building expenses. Market shares apart, many of the buyouts have been motivated by the need to acquire better distribution reach whether within India or overseas. Introduction I. MERGER A merger is the combining of two or more companies, generally by offering the stockholders of one company securities in the acquiring company in exchange for the surrender of their stock. A merger occurs when two or more companies combines and the resulting firm maintains the identity of one of the firms. One or more companies may merge with an existing company or they may merge to form a new company. Usually the assets and liabilities of the smaller firms are merged into those of larger firms. Merger may take two forms- Merger through absorption Merger through consolidation. Absorption: Absorption is a combination of two or more companies into an existing company. All companies except one lose their identity in a merger through absorption. Consolidation: A consolidation is a combination if two or more combines into a new company. In this form of merger all companies are legally dissolved and a new entity is created. In consolidation the acquired company transfers its assets, liabilities and share of the acquiring company for cash or exchange of assets. II. ACQUISITION A fundamental characteristic of merger is that the acquiring company takes over the ownership of other companies and combines their operations with its own operations. An acquisition may be defined as an act of acquiring effective control by one company over the assets or management of another company without any combination of companies. III. TAKEOVER A takeover may also be defined as obtaining control over management of a company by another company.Merger of Procter Gamble Company and Gillette CompanyAbout the merging companies: Procter Gamble Procter Gamble Company is asoap opera. PG was named 2008 Advertiser of the Year by Cannes International Advertising Festival. Effective July 1, 2007, the companys operations are categorized into three Global Business Units with each Global Business Unit divided into Business Segments according to the companys March 2009 earnings release. Beauty Care Beauty segment Grooming segment Household Care Baby Care and Family Care segment Fabric Care and Home Care segment Health and Well-Being Health Care segment Snacks, Coffee, and Pet Care segment PG has gone into an aggressive mode. It has launched two new variants on 2nd Dec 2009, one in the detergent segment, which is called Tide Naturals and also another one in skin care segment under the Olay brand. Gillette Company The Gillette Company is a globally focused consumer products marketer that seeks competitive advantage in quality, value-added personal care and personal use products. It is the world leader in the mens grooming product category as well as in certain womens grooming products. Although more than half of company profits are still derived from shaving equipmentthe area in which the company startedGillette has also attained the top spots worldwide in writing instruments (Paper Mate, Parker, and Waterman brands) and correction products (Liquid Paper), toothbrushes and other oral care products (Oral-B), and alkaline batteries (Duracell products, which generate almost one-fourth of company profits). Gillette maintains 64 manufacturing facilities in 27 countries, and its products are sold in more than 200 countries and territories, with more than 60 percent of sales occurring outside the United States. The Merger: On October 1, 2005, Procter Gamble finalized its purchase of The Gillette Company. As a result of this merger, the Gillette Company no longer exists. Its last day of market trading symbol G on theOral-B, among others, which have also been maintained by PG. The Terms of the Merger: Date of merger: The merger came into effect from July 1st, 2007. The new company formed : The Gillette Companys assets were initially incorporated into a PG unit known internally as Global Gillette. In July 2007, Global Gillette was dissolved and incorporated into Procter Gambles other two main divisions, Procter Gamble Beauty and Procter Gamble Household Care. Gillettes brands and products were divided between the two accordingly. The Share Swap Ratio : Under the deal announced, Procter Gamble will pay 0.975 share of its common stock for each share of Gillette common stock. On Wall Street, shares in Gillette closed up nearly 13%, while PG slid 2.1% after the announcement. The Management: Gillettes chief executive James Kilts is to join the board of the merged company, becoming PG vice chairman, while PG chief executive A.G. Lafley will remain chief executive of the merged company. Examining the merger: Type of merger: Procter Gamble being number one in consumer products went into acquiring and merging with other companies like, Germanys Wella AG hair care line in 2003 and it also acquired Clairol for its hair-care lines and Iams Co. for its pet foods. The merger in question; between Procter Gamble and Gillette is thus a merger where the acquiring company is expanding in size of operations and also product offerings. This is thus a horizontal merger. Operational Synergies of the merger: The merger of the two companies will create the worlds largest consumer products conglomerate. Both companies are strong, diversified companies, so one wonders what uncaptured synergies there could be here. PG is adept at taking innovations from one product and transferring it to another product, so there may be opportunities to improve existing Gillette products. In addition, the companies are stating that the merger will give them more negotiating power with the most powerful buyer of consumer products. The deal would give the company even more control over shelf space at the nations retailers and grocers, real estate that is at a premium. Executives at the companies said they believe theyll both be able to grow faster together than separately, with PG opening doors for Gillette in markets such as China and Japan while Gillette bringing PG some product segments that are growing faster than the companys overall current portfolio of products.The merger will make PG the worlds biggest household goods maker, pushing Unilever into second place Financial Synergies: The merger would create a company with revenues of more than Rs.2700 billion that would have even greater clout against mass-market retailers like Wal-Mart Stores Inc., which have been pressuring consumer product suppliers to keep costs low. Because of expectations from the deal, PG raised the annual revenue growth outlook to 5 to 7 percent, rather than its earlier target of 4 to 6 percent. The companies said they expected cost savings and synergies of about Rs.630 billion to Rs.720 billion US over three years. PG and Gillettes combined market capitalization of about Rs 8325 billion US, would be by far the largest in the FMCG sector. HR Synergies: As part of the cost-cutting that would follow the deal, the merger would result in the elimination of about 6,000 jobs, or 4 percent of the combined work force of about 140,000. It said most of the cuts would come from eliminating management overlaps and consolidation of business support functions. Gillettes chief executive James Kilts is to join the board of the merged company, becoming PG vice chairman, while PG chief executive A.G. Lafley will remain chief executive of the merged company. Scenario Post Merger: Procter Gamble is the worlds largest producer of household and personal products by revenue, with its products reaching 4 billion people worldwide and its product line includes 23 brands across beauty, healthcare, and food including Tide detergent, Pampers diapers, and Gillette razors, that generate over $1 billion in revenue annually, with the companys total revenue at Rs.3555 billion in 2009.In 2005, PG expanded its portfolio to include razors and blades as well as batteries with its acquisition of the Gillette Company.The companys 2010 first quarter net income fell 1% to Rs.148.95 billion (Rs.46.35 per share) as higher prices offset lower sales volumes and foreign exchange effects, beating analyst expectations of Rs.43.65 per share. Revenue fell 6% to Rs.891.45 billion, though organic sales rose 2%. One of the key areas of growth for the company is in emerging markets worldwide. Sales in developing nations have increased steadily from 20% of total revenue in 2002 to 32% in 2009.PG already owns large and growing market share in countries includingglobal economic downturn, PG has announced it will focus its growth strategy on emerging markets, opening almost all of its 20 new manufacturing facilities outside its established markets. Procter Gamble attempts to maintain its competitive edge by focusing on product innovation. To this end, PG spends almost twice as much on research and development spending Rs.90 billion in 2009 as its closest competitor, Unilever, spent about Rs.58.5 billion USD in 2008.Through itsConnect + Developinitiative, PG looks to bring in new product ideas from outside the company. Connect + Develop has led to the development of 42% of new PG products in recent years. In fiscal 2009, PGs Net sales fell 3% to Rs.3555 billion driven by a 3% decline in unit volume and a 4% decline in net sales from the rising US dollar. Organic sales, a closely watched figure which excludes the impact of acquisitions, divestitures, andforeign exchange, increased 2%, which is below its target organic sales range of 4-6%.Earnings for fiscal 2009 increased 11% to Rs.603 billion. In July 2009, CEO A.G. Lafley stepped down from his post after 29 years with Proctor Gamble.He was succeeded by current COO Bob McDonald.The company expects sales to be up 0 to 3% in fiscal 2010,with sales back up in the fall of 2009, fed by price cuts, new products, and value-focused promotions. PG divides its business into three Global Business Units (GBUs) that develop and produce products and its corporate group which handles the operation and administration of the company. Beauty (33% of 2009 sales, 36% of 2009 net income): The Beauty GBU includes all hair and skin products, medications, razors, electric shavers, and batteries. This business unit includes several product lines acquired when the PG bought consumer products company Gillette in 2005. Proctor Gambles global market share in blades and razors is 70%, primarily centered on its Mach3, Fusion, Venus, and Gillette brands.In June 2009, PG further expanded its mens grooming business with the acquisition of the high-end shaving company The Art of Shaving and the mens skin care line Zirh. Health and Well-Being (21% of 2009 sales, 24% of 2009 net income): The Health and Well-Being GBU provide oral care, feminine health, pharmaceuticals, snacks, coffee, and pet care products. In oral care, the company has the number two market share position at 20% globally.In potato chips, the companys Pringles brand holds a market share of approximately 10%. Household Care (46.8% of 2009 sales, 43% of 2009 net income): The Household Care GBU manufactures a wide range of products from laundry detergent to diapers. The companys baby care market share in 2008 was 29%. Business Growth and Divestitures Folgers Sale On June 4, 2008, PG sold its Folgers coffee unit toJ.M. Smucker Companyfor Rs.132.75 billion.As part of the deal, PG shareholders will receive a 53.5 percent stake in Smuckers and the company will assume Rs.15750 million of Folgers debt. Gillette Acquisition Procter Gamble acquired Gillette in 2005 for over Rs.2250 billion in its largest acquisition to date. In 2004, the last full year before the acquisition, Gillette generated over Rs.450 billion in sales, about Rs.270 billion of which came from razors and Duracell and Braun products and the remainder sourced from the Oral-B brand, which was moved into the Health Well-Being segment. A key piece of the acquisition beyond Gillettes product lines was its distribution network and supply chain. Gillettes distribution network and supply chain in emerging markets had been extremely successful for Gillette and, once acquired, has worked to complement PGs own distribution network. Sale of Pharmaceutical Unit In 2009 PG sold its pharmaceutical unit to Warner Chilcott Plc for Rs.139.5 billion in cash.The company expects to book a 43 cent per share earnings boost in Q2 of fiscal 2010 as a result of the sale.The deal allows PG to focus on its personal care, beauty, and household product divisions. In 2006, the company started winding down its discover-phase pharmaceutical products in favor of licensing late-stage compounds, and announced in 2008 it would exit the drug industry entirely. PG 2008 Net sales by Geographic Region(Post merger) PG has a well-established market presence in developed countries such as the United States and Western Europe and is looking to its presence in emerging markets. In fiscal 2009, 32% of total net sales came from developing nations,a figure that has increased steadily from 2002 when sales in developing nations accounted for only about 20% of total revenue (approximately Rs.360 billion). In China and Russia, PGs market share has been consistently increasing in the past five years as Procter Gamble has put an increased emphasis on establishing its products in those markets. In 2008, the companys distribution network reached 800 million people in China and 80% of the population in Russia. PG has created products designed specifically to target developing nations. The average Mexican spends about Rs.9000 a year on PG products, Chinese per-capita spending is only about Rs.135 and India per-capita spending Rs.45.Increasing sales in China and India to the levels in Mexico would add Rs.1800 billion in sales to the companys overall revenue. Research Development focuses both inside and outside the company In 2009, PG spent approximately Rs.91.8 billion on Research Development, nearly Rs.45 billion more than its closest competitor, Unilever.The two most important factors in PGs innovation process are its practice of consumer demand research and its Connect and Develop RD structure. First, when entering new markets, PG sets up in-home visits with consumers in order to fully understand the needs and desires consumers have for household and personal products. This way, PG gets directly to its customers and is able to cater to their needs. PG also incorporates consumers input into the RD process through its Connect and Develop initiative. Through Connect and Develop PG has an online interface set up where people can submit product ideas and provide input on topics that PG places on the web-portal. PG staff then sorts through the ideas and work with the most promising ones. This process is not responsible for the entire RD that PG does, but approximately 42% of new products in the last sev eral years were influenced by or originated from Connect and Develop. Tide Stain Release, a stain-removing detergent released in July 2009, has garnered 10% market share in the US as of November 2009.The Bounce Dryer Bar, an automatic laundry freshener released in August 2009, has captured 7% of the North American fabric sheet market as of November 2009. Commodity Prices A diversified consumer products manufacturer, PG depends heavily on a wide basket of global commodities for manufacturing its goods, the prices for which have risen nearly 50% since 2002. Nearly half of the companys cost of goods is directly related to commodity goods. The company has increased prices due to higher costs of oil and other raw materials. In its conference call, the company stated that it expected raw material costs to increase Rs.135 billion in 2009.The company has raised prices on Cascade dishwashing detergent, Iams pet food, and Gillette razors to counter the increasing cost of oil in the first half of 2008.PG instituted broad price adjustments in Q1 2010 to close widening price gaps in several businessesincluding North American laundry, tissue, andtowel, and several Eastern European markets. Competition Procter Gamble provides the broadest and biggest portfolio of products in the household and personal care industry with 24 billion-dollar brands. PG generates 43% more revenue than its closest competitor,LOreal, and Reckitt Benckiser. Here are somekey factsabout the two firms. Cincinnati-based Procter Gamble was established in 1837 and made its name selling soap and candles to U.S. government soldiers during the civil war. Boston-based Gillette spends around Rs.2700 million annually on advertising. In May the razor-maker paid a reported 40 million pounds (Rs.3393 million) to sign international soccer star David Beckham to a three-year deal as its global face. Procter Gamble employs a workforce of 110,000 worldwide and has a market capitalization of Rs.6345 billion. Gillette employs 29,400 employees worldwide and has a market capitalization of Rs.2025 billion. Gillettes profit beat market expectations last October after Hurricane Ivan spurred the buying of Duracell batteries. Limitations: Due to lack of data the financial statements analysis of Procter Gamble was not carried out. Conclusion Thus the acquisition and integration of Gillette was the largest and most successful in the history of Procter Gamble. PG acquired Gillette, which is best known for its shaving products, in 2005 for Rs.2565 billion. The merger between Procter Gamble and Gillette is a horizontal merger where the acquiring company is expanding in size of operations and also product offerings. The merger created various synergies like financial, operation and human resource synergies. After the merger Procter Gamble integrated systems in 26 countries, spanning five geographic regions, representing about 20% of sales. Gillette is a catalyst that makes PG a better brand-builder and a stronger innovation leader. There is no doubt that PG and Gillette are stronger together than alone, and both the companies together can deliver accelerated growth targets over the balance of the decade. Acquisition of Balsarashygiene and home product by Dabur About the merging companies: Dabur Company Dabur India Limitedis the fourth largest FMCG Company in India and Dabur had a turnover of approximately Rs.2,834 Crore Market Capitalisation of over Rs 10,000 Crore, with brands like Dabur Amla, Dabur Chyawanprash, Vatika, Hajmola and Real. The company has kept an eye on new generations of customers with a range of products that cater to a modern lifestyle, while managing not to alienate earlier generations of loyal customers. Dabur has global presence in 50 countries; products are available in the markets of Middle East, South-East Asia, Africa, the European Union andAmerica. Dabur is an investor friendly brand as its financial performance shows. The companys growth rate rose from 10% to 40%. The expected growth rate for two years was two-fold. Theres a great sense of responsibility for investors funds on view. This is a direct extension of Daburs philosophy of taking care of its constituents and it adds to the sense of trust for the brand overall. The company, through Dabur Pharma Ltd. does toxicology tests and markets ayurvedic medicines in a scientific manner. They have researched new medicines which will find use in O.T. all over the country therein opening a new market. Dabur Foods, a subsidiary of Dabur India is expecting to grow at 25%. Its brands of juices, namely, Real and Active, together make it the market leader in the Fruit Juice Category. Dabur Ranked AmongIndias Most Trusted Brands of 2007 By Economic Times-Brand Equity. Products of Dabur Ø Under health care products it has brands like Hajmola, Pudin Hara, Dabur Chyawanprash, Glucose D, Dabur Lal tail,etc. Ø In home care range consist of product like Odinil,Odomos,odopic,etc. Ø Under personal care range it has product like Vatika,Gulabri,Dabur Red Toothpaste,etc. Ø In food range it has brands like Real Active ,HOMMADE-range of ready made pastes, soups, coconut milk tomato puree Ø Dabur has guar gum plant,a natural gum used in foods industrial applications. Ø Dabur also produces ayurvedic medicines. Balsara Company The Balsara Group manufactures and markets its products, in India and Internationally. The Group has a domestic annual sales turnover of Indian Rs. 2 billion, and a rapidly growing international sales turnover of Indian Rs. 350 million. The Group is professionally managed, with manufacturing, sales, distribution and administrative facilities located throughout India, in addition to its international operations. In the Indian market, 60% of the Balsara Groups sales turnover of Indian Rs. 2 billion comes from Personal Hygiene Products (Promise, Babool and Meswak oral care ranges) and 40% is derived from Household Products (Odomos insect repellents, Odonil Air Fresheners, Sani Fresh toilet cleaners and Odopic dish washing products). Balsara has a wide national sales and distribution system that makes products available in 10, 54,000 retail outlets. The system is supported by a distribution network of 4 Zonal Offices, 13 Branches, 24 Regional Warehouses, and 1700 Distributors in 1500 towns. The mission of the Balsara Group of Companies is to be a leading provider of superior quality personal and household products, ingredients and packaging materials to consumers and customers on the Indian sub-continent and throughout the world. The Acquisition: On January 27, 2005 Dabur India today announced the acquisition of Balsara Hygeine and Home Care businesses for Rs. 143 crores and said it would look at more buyouts to capitalise on the consolidation in the sector. The company board of Dabur approved the acquisition of controlling stake in three Balsara group companies Balsara Hygiene Products, Balsara Home Products and Besta Cosmectics. With the acquisition of the Rs. 143-crore Balsara Group in an all cash deal, Dabur India will have oral care brands such as Promise, Babool, Meswak; mosquito repellents such as Odomos and household products such as Odonil and Odopic under its fold. Dabur India will acquire the entire promoters stake in the three companies 99.4 per cent in Balsara Hygiene, 100 per cent in Balsara Home Products and 97.9 per cent in Besta Cosmetics. The Terms of the Acquisition: Date of the acquisition: The merger came into effect from 1st April 2006. The new company formed : According to the deal Dabur will take full control of Balsaras entire brand portfolio which consists of oral care brands like Promise, Babool, Meswak; mosquito repellants like Odomos and household products like Odonil, Odopic. The deal also includes takeover of Balsaras operations consisting of three manufacturing facilities at Kanpur, Silvassa and Baddi and about 600 employees. Dabur India will also acquire the entire promoters stake in the three companies 99.4 per cent in Balsara Hygiene, 100 per cent in Balsara Home Products and 97.9 per cent in Besta Cosmetics. The Share Swap Ratio : Under the deal announced, Dabur India Ltd will acquire Balsaras hygiene and home product businesses in an Rs 143 crore all-cash deal. While Rs 120 crore will be funded through internal accruals, the balance Rs 23 crore will be raised through debt. Examining the Acquisition: Type of merger: The Rs 1,300-crore fast-moving consumer goods major Dabur India acquired Mum Procter Gamble Company Merger Case Study Procter Gamble Company Merger Case Study The project deals with the analysis of mergers and acquisitions in an FMCG sector. Products which have a quick turnover, and relatively low cost are known as Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG). FMCG products are those that get replaced within a year. A merger is the combining of two or more companies, generally by offering the stockholders of one company securities in the acquiring company in exchange for the surrender of their stock. This project deals with the merger of Procter Gamble and Gillette, acquisition of Balsaras hygiene and home product by Dabur and Acquisition of Nihar brand from HLL by Marico. The methodology deals with the various ways in which the data for this project was collected. Due to the limited scope of information and time constraints, secondary and not primary data sources has been used including journals, articles, reference sites, etc. The project guide proved very vital in the successful completion of my report. The next section deals with the individual introduction of both companies involved in the process of merger. It further includes the different terms of the merger and various synergies created through the merger. Furthermore the next section deals with scenario after the merger and analysis of financial statements of acquiring company post merger. Building a brand from scratch in the FMCG space can be quite an expensive exercise. Mature categories such as personal care or household products are already dominated by one or two strong incumbents and wresting market share away from them is quite a challenge. With growth rates in markets such as skin care, hair care and household products suddenly moving into high gear, companies also cannot afford to lose time on the trial-and-error method that usually accompanies new launches. Given this scenario, domestic players seem to view brand acquisitions and mergers as the quickest way to step into new categories and acquire a well-rounded product basket, without squandering their surpluses on brand-building expenses. Market shares apart, many of the buyouts have been motivated by the need to acquire better distribution reach whether within India or overseas. Introduction I. MERGER A merger is the combining of two or more companies, generally by offering the stockholders of one company securities in the acquiring company in exchange for the surrender of their stock. A merger occurs when two or more companies combines and the resulting firm maintains the identity of one of the firms. One or more companies may merge with an existing company or they may merge to form a new company. Usually the assets and liabilities of the smaller firms are merged into those of larger firms. Merger may take two forms- Merger through absorption Merger through consolidation. Absorption: Absorption is a combination of two or more companies into an existing company. All companies except one lose their identity in a merger through absorption. Consolidation: A consolidation is a combination if two or more combines into a new company. In this form of merger all companies are legally dissolved and a new entity is created. In consolidation the acquired company transfers its assets, liabilities and share of the acquiring company for cash or exchange of assets. II. ACQUISITION A fundamental characteristic of merger is that the acquiring company takes over the ownership of other companies and combines their operations with its own operations. An acquisition may be defined as an act of acquiring effective control by one company over the assets or management of another company without any combination of companies. III. TAKEOVER A takeover may also be defined as obtaining control over management of a company by another company.Merger of Procter Gamble Company and Gillette CompanyAbout the merging companies: Procter Gamble Procter Gamble Company is asoap opera. PG was named 2008 Advertiser of the Year by Cannes International Advertising Festival. Effective July 1, 2007, the companys operations are categorized into three Global Business Units with each Global Business Unit divided into Business Segments according to the companys March 2009 earnings release. Beauty Care Beauty segment Grooming segment Household Care Baby Care and Family Care segment Fabric Care and Home Care segment Health and Well-Being Health Care segment Snacks, Coffee, and Pet Care segment PG has gone into an aggressive mode. It has launched two new variants on 2nd Dec 2009, one in the detergent segment, which is called Tide Naturals and also another one in skin care segment under the Olay brand. Gillette Company The Gillette Company is a globally focused consumer products marketer that seeks competitive advantage in quality, value-added personal care and personal use products. It is the world leader in the mens grooming product category as well as in certain womens grooming products. Although more than half of company profits are still derived from shaving equipmentthe area in which the company startedGillette has also attained the top spots worldwide in writing instruments (Paper Mate, Parker, and Waterman brands) and correction products (Liquid Paper), toothbrushes and other oral care products (Oral-B), and alkaline batteries (Duracell products, which generate almost one-fourth of company profits). Gillette maintains 64 manufacturing facilities in 27 countries, and its products are sold in more than 200 countries and territories, with more than 60 percent of sales occurring outside the United States. The Merger: On October 1, 2005, Procter Gamble finalized its purchase of The Gillette Company. As a result of this merger, the Gillette Company no longer exists. Its last day of market trading symbol G on theOral-B, among others, which have also been maintained by PG. The Terms of the Merger: Date of merger: The merger came into effect from July 1st, 2007. The new company formed : The Gillette Companys assets were initially incorporated into a PG unit known internally as Global Gillette. In July 2007, Global Gillette was dissolved and incorporated into Procter Gambles other two main divisions, Procter Gamble Beauty and Procter Gamble Household Care. Gillettes brands and products were divided between the two accordingly. The Share Swap Ratio : Under the deal announced, Procter Gamble will pay 0.975 share of its common stock for each share of Gillette common stock. On Wall Street, shares in Gillette closed up nearly 13%, while PG slid 2.1% after the announcement. The Management: Gillettes chief executive James Kilts is to join the board of the merged company, becoming PG vice chairman, while PG chief executive A.G. Lafley will remain chief executive of the merged company. Examining the merger: Type of merger: Procter Gamble being number one in consumer products went into acquiring and merging with other companies like, Germanys Wella AG hair care line in 2003 and it also acquired Clairol for its hair-care lines and Iams Co. for its pet foods. The merger in question; between Procter Gamble and Gillette is thus a merger where the acquiring company is expanding in size of operations and also product offerings. This is thus a horizontal merger. Operational Synergies of the merger: The merger of the two companies will create the worlds largest consumer products conglomerate. Both companies are strong, diversified companies, so one wonders what uncaptured synergies there could be here. PG is adept at taking innovations from one product and transferring it to another product, so there may be opportunities to improve existing Gillette products. In addition, the companies are stating that the merger will give them more negotiating power with the most powerful buyer of consumer products. The deal would give the company even more control over shelf space at the nations retailers and grocers, real estate that is at a premium. Executives at the companies said they believe theyll both be able to grow faster together than separately, with PG opening doors for Gillette in markets such as China and Japan while Gillette bringing PG some product segments that are growing faster than the companys overall current portfolio of products.The merger will make PG the worlds biggest household goods maker, pushing Unilever into second place Financial Synergies: The merger would create a company with revenues of more than Rs.2700 billion that would have even greater clout against mass-market retailers like Wal-Mart Stores Inc., which have been pressuring consumer product suppliers to keep costs low. Because of expectations from the deal, PG raised the annual revenue growth outlook to 5 to 7 percent, rather than its earlier target of 4 to 6 percent. The companies said they expected cost savings and synergies of about Rs.630 billion to Rs.720 billion US over three years. PG and Gillettes combined market capitalization of about Rs 8325 billion US, would be by far the largest in the FMCG sector. HR Synergies: As part of the cost-cutting that would follow the deal, the merger would result in the elimination of about 6,000 jobs, or 4 percent of the combined work force of about 140,000. It said most of the cuts would come from eliminating management overlaps and consolidation of business support functions. Gillettes chief executive James Kilts is to join the board of the merged company, becoming PG vice chairman, while PG chief executive A.G. Lafley will remain chief executive of the merged company. Scenario Post Merger: Procter Gamble is the worlds largest producer of household and personal products by revenue, with its products reaching 4 billion people worldwide and its product line includes 23 brands across beauty, healthcare, and food including Tide detergent, Pampers diapers, and Gillette razors, that generate over $1 billion in revenue annually, with the companys total revenue at Rs.3555 billion in 2009.In 2005, PG expanded its portfolio to include razors and blades as well as batteries with its acquisition of the Gillette Company.The companys 2010 first quarter net income fell 1% to Rs.148.95 billion (Rs.46.35 per share) as higher prices offset lower sales volumes and foreign exchange effects, beating analyst expectations of Rs.43.65 per share. Revenue fell 6% to Rs.891.45 billion, though organic sales rose 2%. One of the key areas of growth for the company is in emerging markets worldwide. Sales in developing nations have increased steadily from 20% of total revenue in 2002 to 32% in 2009.PG already owns large and growing market share in countries includingglobal economic downturn, PG has announced it will focus its growth strategy on emerging markets, opening almost all of its 20 new manufacturing facilities outside its established markets. Procter Gamble attempts to maintain its competitive edge by focusing on product innovation. To this end, PG spends almost twice as much on research and development spending Rs.90 billion in 2009 as its closest competitor, Unilever, spent about Rs.58.5 billion USD in 2008.Through itsConnect + Developinitiative, PG looks to bring in new product ideas from outside the company. Connect + Develop has led to the development of 42% of new PG products in recent years. In fiscal 2009, PGs Net sales fell 3% to Rs.3555 billion driven by a 3% decline in unit volume and a 4% decline in net sales from the rising US dollar. Organic sales, a closely watched figure which excludes the impact of acquisitions, divestitures, andforeign exchange, increased 2%, which is below its target organic sales range of 4-6%.Earnings for fiscal 2009 increased 11% to Rs.603 billion. In July 2009, CEO A.G. Lafley stepped down from his post after 29 years with Proctor Gamble.He was succeeded by current COO Bob McDonald.The company expects sales to be up 0 to 3% in fiscal 2010,with sales back up in the fall of 2009, fed by price cuts, new products, and value-focused promotions. PG divides its business into three Global Business Units (GBUs) that develop and produce products and its corporate group which handles the operation and administration of the company. Beauty (33% of 2009 sales, 36% of 2009 net income): The Beauty GBU includes all hair and skin products, medications, razors, electric shavers, and batteries. This business unit includes several product lines acquired when the PG bought consumer products company Gillette in 2005. Proctor Gambles global market share in blades and razors is 70%, primarily centered on its Mach3, Fusion, Venus, and Gillette brands.In June 2009, PG further expanded its mens grooming business with the acquisition of the high-end shaving company The Art of Shaving and the mens skin care line Zirh. Health and Well-Being (21% of 2009 sales, 24% of 2009 net income): The Health and Well-Being GBU provide oral care, feminine health, pharmaceuticals, snacks, coffee, and pet care products. In oral care, the company has the number two market share position at 20% globally.In potato chips, the companys Pringles brand holds a market share of approximately 10%. Household Care (46.8% of 2009 sales, 43% of 2009 net income): The Household Care GBU manufactures a wide range of products from laundry detergent to diapers. The companys baby care market share in 2008 was 29%. Business Growth and Divestitures Folgers Sale On June 4, 2008, PG sold its Folgers coffee unit toJ.M. Smucker Companyfor Rs.132.75 billion.As part of the deal, PG shareholders will receive a 53.5 percent stake in Smuckers and the company will assume Rs.15750 million of Folgers debt. Gillette Acquisition Procter Gamble acquired Gillette in 2005 for over Rs.2250 billion in its largest acquisition to date. In 2004, the last full year before the acquisition, Gillette generated over Rs.450 billion in sales, about Rs.270 billion of which came from razors and Duracell and Braun products and the remainder sourced from the Oral-B brand, which was moved into the Health Well-Being segment. A key piece of the acquisition beyond Gillettes product lines was its distribution network and supply chain. Gillettes distribution network and supply chain in emerging markets had been extremely successful for Gillette and, once acquired, has worked to complement PGs own distribution network. Sale of Pharmaceutical Unit In 2009 PG sold its pharmaceutical unit to Warner Chilcott Plc for Rs.139.5 billion in cash.The company expects to book a 43 cent per share earnings boost in Q2 of fiscal 2010 as a result of the sale.The deal allows PG to focus on its personal care, beauty, and household product divisions. In 2006, the company started winding down its discover-phase pharmaceutical products in favor of licensing late-stage compounds, and announced in 2008 it would exit the drug industry entirely. PG 2008 Net sales by Geographic Region(Post merger) PG has a well-established market presence in developed countries such as the United States and Western Europe and is looking to its presence in emerging markets. In fiscal 2009, 32% of total net sales came from developing nations,a figure that has increased steadily from 2002 when sales in developing nations accounted for only about 20% of total revenue (approximately Rs.360 billion). In China and Russia, PGs market share has been consistently increasing in the past five years as Procter Gamble has put an increased emphasis on establishing its products in those markets. In 2008, the companys distribution network reached 800 million people in China and 80% of the population in Russia. PG has created products designed specifically to target developing nations. The average Mexican spends about Rs.9000 a year on PG products, Chinese per-capita spending is only about Rs.135 and India per-capita spending Rs.45.Increasing sales in China and India to the levels in Mexico would add Rs.1800 billion in sales to the companys overall revenue. Research Development focuses both inside and outside the company In 2009, PG spent approximately Rs.91.8 billion on Research Development, nearly Rs.45 billion more than its closest competitor, Unilever.The two most important factors in PGs innovation process are its practice of consumer demand research and its Connect and Develop RD structure. First, when entering new markets, PG sets up in-home visits with consumers in order to fully understand the needs and desires consumers have for household and personal products. This way, PG gets directly to its customers and is able to cater to their needs. PG also incorporates consumers input into the RD process through its Connect and Develop initiative. Through Connect and Develop PG has an online interface set up where people can submit product ideas and provide input on topics that PG places on the web-portal. PG staff then sorts through the ideas and work with the most promising ones. This process is not responsible for the entire RD that PG does, but approximately 42% of new products in the last sev eral years were influenced by or originated from Connect and Develop. Tide Stain Release, a stain-removing detergent released in July 2009, has garnered 10% market share in the US as of November 2009.The Bounce Dryer Bar, an automatic laundry freshener released in August 2009, has captured 7% of the North American fabric sheet market as of November 2009. Commodity Prices A diversified consumer products manufacturer, PG depends heavily on a wide basket of global commodities for manufacturing its goods, the prices for which have risen nearly 50% since 2002. Nearly half of the companys cost of goods is directly related to commodity goods. The company has increased prices due to higher costs of oil and other raw materials. In its conference call, the company stated that it expected raw material costs to increase Rs.135 billion in 2009.The company has raised prices on Cascade dishwashing detergent, Iams pet food, and Gillette razors to counter the increasing cost of oil in the first half of 2008.PG instituted broad price adjustments in Q1 2010 to close widening price gaps in several businessesincluding North American laundry, tissue, andtowel, and several Eastern European markets. Competition Procter Gamble provides the broadest and biggest portfolio of products in the household and personal care industry with 24 billion-dollar brands. PG generates 43% more revenue than its closest competitor,LOreal, and Reckitt Benckiser. Here are somekey factsabout the two firms. Cincinnati-based Procter Gamble was established in 1837 and made its name selling soap and candles to U.S. government soldiers during the civil war. Boston-based Gillette spends around Rs.2700 million annually on advertising. In May the razor-maker paid a reported 40 million pounds (Rs.3393 million) to sign international soccer star David Beckham to a three-year deal as its global face. Procter Gamble employs a workforce of 110,000 worldwide and has a market capitalization of Rs.6345 billion. Gillette employs 29,400 employees worldwide and has a market capitalization of Rs.2025 billion. Gillettes profit beat market expectations last October after Hurricane Ivan spurred the buying of Duracell batteries. Limitations: Due to lack of data the financial statements analysis of Procter Gamble was not carried out. Conclusion Thus the acquisition and integration of Gillette was the largest and most successful in the history of Procter Gamble. PG acquired Gillette, which is best known for its shaving products, in 2005 for Rs.2565 billion. The merger between Procter Gamble and Gillette is a horizontal merger where the acquiring company is expanding in size of operations and also product offerings. The merger created various synergies like financial, operation and human resource synergies. After the merger Procter Gamble integrated systems in 26 countries, spanning five geographic regions, representing about 20% of sales. Gillette is a catalyst that makes PG a better brand-builder and a stronger innovation leader. There is no doubt that PG and Gillette are stronger together than alone, and both the companies together can deliver accelerated growth targets over the balance of the decade. Acquisition of Balsarashygiene and home product by Dabur About the merging companies: Dabur Company Dabur India Limitedis the fourth largest FMCG Company in India and Dabur had a turnover of approximately Rs.2,834 Crore Market Capitalisation of over Rs 10,000 Crore, with brands like Dabur Amla, Dabur Chyawanprash, Vatika, Hajmola and Real. The company has kept an eye on new generations of customers with a range of products that cater to a modern lifestyle, while managing not to alienate earlier generations of loyal customers. Dabur has global presence in 50 countries; products are available in the markets of Middle East, South-East Asia, Africa, the European Union andAmerica. Dabur is an investor friendly brand as its financial performance shows. The companys growth rate rose from 10% to 40%. The expected growth rate for two years was two-fold. Theres a great sense of responsibility for investors funds on view. This is a direct extension of Daburs philosophy of taking care of its constituents and it adds to the sense of trust for the brand overall. The company, through Dabur Pharma Ltd. does toxicology tests and markets ayurvedic medicines in a scientific manner. They have researched new medicines which will find use in O.T. all over the country therein opening a new market. Dabur Foods, a subsidiary of Dabur India is expecting to grow at 25%. Its brands of juices, namely, Real and Active, together make it the market leader in the Fruit Juice Category. Dabur Ranked AmongIndias Most Trusted Brands of 2007 By Economic Times-Brand Equity. Products of Dabur Ø Under health care products it has brands like Hajmola, Pudin Hara, Dabur Chyawanprash, Glucose D, Dabur Lal tail,etc. Ø In home care range consist of product like Odinil,Odomos,odopic,etc. Ø Under personal care range it has product like Vatika,Gulabri,Dabur Red Toothpaste,etc. Ø In food range it has brands like Real Active ,HOMMADE-range of ready made pastes, soups, coconut milk tomato puree Ø Dabur has guar gum plant,a natural gum used in foods industrial applications. Ø Dabur also produces ayurvedic medicines. Balsara Company The Balsara Group manufactures and markets its products, in India and Internationally. The Group has a domestic annual sales turnover of Indian Rs. 2 billion, and a rapidly growing international sales turnover of Indian Rs. 350 million. The Group is professionally managed, with manufacturing, sales, distribution and administrative facilities located throughout India, in addition to its international operations. In the Indian market, 60% of the Balsara Groups sales turnover of Indian Rs. 2 billion comes from Personal Hygiene Products (Promise, Babool and Meswak oral care ranges) and 40% is derived from Household Products (Odomos insect repellents, Odonil Air Fresheners, Sani Fresh toilet cleaners and Odopic dish washing products). Balsara has a wide national sales and distribution system that makes products available in 10, 54,000 retail outlets. The system is supported by a distribution network of 4 Zonal Offices, 13 Branches, 24 Regional Warehouses, and 1700 Distributors in 1500 towns. The mission of the Balsara Group of Companies is to be a leading provider of superior quality personal and household products, ingredients and packaging materials to consumers and customers on the Indian sub-continent and throughout the world. The Acquisition: On January 27, 2005 Dabur India today announced the acquisition of Balsara Hygeine and Home Care businesses for Rs. 143 crores and said it would look at more buyouts to capitalise on the consolidation in the sector. The company board of Dabur approved the acquisition of controlling stake in three Balsara group companies Balsara Hygiene Products, Balsara Home Products and Besta Cosmectics. With the acquisition of the Rs. 143-crore Balsara Group in an all cash deal, Dabur India will have oral care brands such as Promise, Babool, Meswak; mosquito repellents such as Odomos and household products such as Odonil and Odopic under its fold. Dabur India will acquire the entire promoters stake in the three companies 99.4 per cent in Balsara Hygiene, 100 per cent in Balsara Home Products and 97.9 per cent in Besta Cosmetics. The Terms of the Acquisition: Date of the acquisition: The merger came into effect from 1st April 2006. The new company formed : According to the deal Dabur will take full control of Balsaras entire brand portfolio which consists of oral care brands like Promise, Babool, Meswak; mosquito repellants like Odomos and household products like Odonil, Odopic. The deal also includes takeover of Balsaras operations consisting of three manufacturing facilities at Kanpur, Silvassa and Baddi and about 600 employees. Dabur India will also acquire the entire promoters stake in the three companies 99.4 per cent in Balsara Hygiene, 100 per cent in Balsara Home Products and 97.9 per cent in Besta Cosmetics. The Share Swap Ratio : Under the deal announced, Dabur India Ltd will acquire Balsaras hygiene and home product businesses in an Rs 143 crore all-cash deal. While Rs 120 crore will be funded through internal accruals, the balance Rs 23 crore will be raised through debt. Examining the Acquisition: Type of merger: The Rs 1,300-crore fast-moving consumer goods major Dabur India acquired Mum